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1. Cancer Facts and Figures 1998. American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, 1998.

2. Brownson RC, Reif JS, Alavanja MCR, Bal DG. Cancer. In Chronic Disease Epidemiology and Control, eds. Brownson RC, Remington PL, Davis JR. American Public Health Association, Washington, D.C., 1993.

3. Breast Cancer Facts and Figures. American Cancer Society, Inc., Atlanta, revised December 1995.

4. Henderson BE, Pike MC, Bernstein L, Ross RK. Breast Cancer. In Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, eds. Schottenfeld D, Fraumeni JF. Oxford University Press, New York, 1996.

5. Byrne C. Breast. In Cancer Rates and Risks, eds. Harras A, Edwards BK, Blot WJ, Ries LAG. National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 4th edition, 1996.

6. Madigan MP, Ziegler RG, Benichou J, Byrne C, Hoover RN. Proportion of breast cancer cases in the United States explained by well-established risk factors. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1995;87:1681-1685.

7. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Chronic Diseases and Their Risk Factors: The Nation's Leading Causes of Death. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. 1998:21.

8. Howe HL and Lehnherr M (eds). Cancer in North America, 1989-1993 Volume One: Incidence. Sacramento, CA: North American Association of Central Cancer Registries, April 1997.

9. Howe HL and Lehnherr M (eds). Cancer in North America, 1989-1993 Volume Two: Mortality. Sacramento, CA: North American Association of Central Cancer Registries, April 1997.

10. Wun L-M, Feuer EJ, Miller BA. Are increases in mammographic screening still a valid explanation for trends in breast cancer incidence in the United States? Cancer Causes and Control. 1995;6:135-44.

11. Moormeier J. Breast cancer in black women. Ann Intern Med. 1996;124:897-905.

12. Laden F, Spiegelman D, Ness LM, et al. Geographic variation in breast cancer incidence rates in a cohort of U.S. women. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1997;89:1373-1378.

13. Sturgeon SR, Schairer C, Gail M, et al. Geographic variation in mortality from breast cancer among white women in the United States. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1995;87:1846-53.

14. Robbins AS, Brescianini S, Kelsey JL. Regional differences in known risk factors and the higher incidence of breast cancer in San Francisco. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1997;89:960-5.

15. World Health Organization. International Classification of Diseases for Oncology. Geneva, Switzerland, 1976.

16. North American Association of Central Cancer Registries. Standards for Cancer Registries, Volume II Data Standards and Data Dictionary, Second Edition. Seiffert, JE, editor. Sacramento, CA, March 14, 1997.

17. North American Association of Central Cancer Registries. Standards for Cancer Registries, Volume III Standards for Completeness, Quality, Analysis, and Management of Data. Seiffert, JE, editor. Sacramento, CA, February 14, 1994.

18. SEER Program. The SEER Program Code Manual, Revised Edition. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, June 1992.

19. SEER Program. Summary Staging Guide for the Cancer Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Reporting (SEER) Program. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, April 1977.

20. American Joint Committee on Cancer. Manual for Staging of Cancer, Fourth Edition. J.B. Lippincott Company, Philadelphia, 1992.

21. Swanson CA, Coates RJ, Malone KE, et al. Alcohol consumption and breast cancer risk among women under age 45 years. Epidemiology. 1997;8:231-37.

22. Weiss HA, Potishman NA, Brinton LA, et al. Prenatal and perinatal risk factors for breast cancer in young women. Epidemiolgy. 1997; 8:181-87.

23. Daling JR, Brinton LA, Voight LF, et al. Risk of breast cancer among white women following induced abortion. Am J Epi. 1996; 144:373-80.

24. Weiss HA, Brinton LA, Brogan D, et al. Epidemiology of in situ and invasive breast cancer in women aged under 45. Br J Cancer. 1996;73:1298-1305.

25. Swanson CA, Coates RJ, Schoenberg JB, et al. Body size and breast cancer risk among women under age 45 years. Am J Epi. 1996; 143:698-706.

26. Brinton LA, Daling JR, Liff JM, et al. Oral contraceptives and breast cancer risk among younger women. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1995;87:827-835.

27. Brinton LA, Potischman NA, Swanson CA, et al. Breastfeeding and breast cancer risk. Cancer Causes and Control. 1995;6:199-208.

28. Ayanian JZ, Kohler BA, Abe T, Epstein AM. The relationship between health insurance coverage and clinical outcomes among women with breast cancer. NEJM. 1993; 329:326-31.

29. Thomas, DB, Jimenez LM, McTiernan A, et al. Breast cancer in men: risk factors with hormonal implications. AJE. 1992;135:734-48.

30. Demers PA, Thomas DB, Rosenblatt KA, et al. Occupational exposure to electromagnetic fields and breast cancer in men. Am J Epi. 1991;134:340-7.

31. Rothman K. Modern Epidemiology. U.S.A. Little, Brown, and Company. 1986.