Understanding the Air Quality Index

The Air Quality Index (AQI) is a daily measure of how clean or polluted the air is. The higher the number, the greater the health risk. During summer events, ozone and particle pollution are the most common concerns.

Sensitive Groups

Some people are more vulnerable to the effects of poor air quality. If you fall into one of these groups, take extra precautions on days when the AQI is above 100.

What to Do on Poor Air Quality Days

You can still attend outdoor events on moderate AQI days with the right precautions. On unhealthy days, consider your individual health situation and talk to your provider if you have concerns.

• Check the AQI before you leave. Visit AirNow.gov or search your zip code for a current reading and forecast for the day.
• Limit strenuous activity. Heavy breathing during physical exertion draws more pollutants into your lungs. Rest more and exert less on high AQI days.
• Seek shade and ventilation. Move to shaded, open areas when possible. Avoid enclosed spaces with poor ventilation near traffic or crowds.
• Wear a mask if needed. A well-fitting N95 or KN95 mask filters fine particles. Standard cloth masks do not provide meaningful protection against air pollution.
• Stay informed. Sign up for air quality alerts through NJ DEP's air monitoring program so you receive advance notice before conditions worsen.

Asthma and Respiratory Conditions

If you have asthma or another respiratory condition, preparation is key. Poor air quality can trigger symptoms even in people whose conditions are well controlled.

• Bring your rescue inhaler to every outdoor event — keep it accessible, not packed away
• Know your asthma action plan and review it with your provider before attending events
• Avoid outdoor exertion when the AQI is above 100
• If you develop wheezing, shortness of breath, or chest tightness, move to an air-conditioned space and use your rescue inhaler as directed
• Call 911 if symptoms do not improve after using your inhaler

Seek emergency care immediately if

You experience severe shortness of breath, are unable to speak in full sentences, your lips or fingernails turn blue, or your rescue inhaler is not providing relief. Call 911 immediately.

Wildfire Smoke

New Jersey has experienced significant wildfire smoke events in recent summers, including smoke drifting from fires in Canada and the western United States. Wildfire smoke can push the AQI into the unhealthy or hazardous range quickly.

• Wildfire smoke contains fine particles and gases that can penetrate deep into the lungs
• Symptoms of smoke exposure include burning eyes, runny nose, coughing, and throat irritation
• If you can smell smoke outdoors, the AQI is likely elevated — check AirNow.gov for current conditions
• An N95 or KN95 mask provides protection against smoke particles; standard masks do not
• Stay indoors with windows closed and air conditioning running when smoke is heavy